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Demonstrators hold photos of Uyghurs detained or disappeared in China, in May 2021 (Kuzzat Altay/Unsplash)

One Uyghur Woman’s Harrowing Experience in Chinese Detention

An excerpt from John Beck's new book, "Those Who Should Be Seized Should Be Seized: China’s Relentless Persecution of Uyghurs and Other Ethnic Minorities."

Words: John Beck
Pictures: Kuzzat Altay
Date:

Police in Künes County, in China’s Xinjiang region, called Tursunay in early March 2018 and said they needed to speak to her again. She asked if they were going to take her for more education, and they said only that she should report to the station within 48 hours. So be it if they were, her last stay in the camp had not been so awful. She could endure another if it meant they would consider her once more graduated and return her passport. She tidied apartment, then went to them by taxi the next day.

It was as she had thought. Two officers led her to a car and drove her away. She recognized the road to the same facility but when they approached, she saw it transformed. Massive metal gates. Fences topped with spiraled razor wire. High walls and watchtowers. A roadblock stopped anyone from getting within 100 meters of it — even the police had to pass through two checkpoints.

Closer still and she saw the guns the guards were holding and the buses parked up in front. The buses were disgorging hundreds of women and men and children of every age. Police were lining them up and separating the children from the rest and putting them onto another bus. Their mothers and fathers howled and clung on but couldn’t stop them.

The car stopped and the officers passed Tursunay to guards who took her through a metal door that was also new. It closed behind her and there was a line of other women and guards all around them. The guards moved new arrivals fast through a body scanner, confiscating scarves, jewelry, phones, and clothes down to the underwear. More of them stood idly by watching and they had guns and shock batons.

*

Tursunay stood in that shuffling queue and felt fear like she never had. An old woman was next to her. Thin and stooped in a long dress. The guards ordered Tursunay to strip and take out her earrings. Tursunay began undressing but the guards went for her earrings before she was able and yanked them out hard. She cried out and clutched at her lobes and saw blood on her fingers.

The pain was shocking but she forgot it when the guards turned to the old woman. They grabbed the woman’s headscarf, and her hair was white underneath. They tore off her dress and she stood in only a loose undershirt. She held her arms across her chest to cover herself, but the guard told her to stand straight with her hands by her side. The woman did and she was shaking at the shame and terror of it.

“Now shut your mouth.”

The guard gave them uniforms to change into. Blue trousers and a blue top. Then those guards handed Tursunay and a group of others to new guards and the new guards led them through rooms and corridors with more metal doors and gates that all closed behind them.

Tursunay asked one of the guards why everything had changed so much. “You haven’t seen the real changes yet,” he told her. “Now shut your mouth.”

*

Into a building different from the last dormitory. Up flights of stairs and along a corridor lined with cells. The guards paused by one and ordered them in. There were about 20 trainees inside but only a couple of beds and a small plastic stool each. Instead of a toilet there was a bucket without anything to cover it. There was no ventilation either but on one side was a window with a crack of the view outside. Above them was an array of cameras. One that moved constantly and two more in the corners. A television hung out in the corridor.

It was not possible to live like that. Tursunay had to get out. She had been released the last time because she was sick so perhaps that could happen again. She decided that the fastest way to be hospitalized would be to not eat. Their meals still consisted only of black soup, so they were easy to refuse.

There were no classes like before at first and the guards just gave them booklets with the words to revolutionary songs in them. They sat on their stools facing the television for hours with their backs straight and their hands on their laps watching videos about Xi Jinping Thought.

The videos stopped and they sang from their booklets and recited loyalty oaths. It was occasionally interrupted by the horrible wail of an emergency siren. That signaled a drill that Tursunay never knew the point of. The moment the siren started the trainees had to kneel on the floor fast and interlink their fingers behind their heads. Not doing it fast enough meant punishment. Sometimes they had to stay like that for an hour or more until their knees ached unbearably but moving meant punishment too.

*

During the day they were at least permitted to use a bathroom in the hallway but only for three minutes each. She and the other new arrivals could not bear to use the bucket except sometimes to urinate. Otherwise, they would hold it until morning came.

Courtesy of Melville House

From the cell she made out glimpses of what the camp had become. Through that crack of window, she saw buses bringing new trainees to be lined up and hustled in as she had been. From her stool she heard the things that were going on elsewhere in the building. Screams, wails, sobs.

In the cell across the hallway the voices of two or three women called out that they were citizens of Kazakhstan, that they were not supposed to be there and demanded to know why they had been arrested. The guards told them to be quiet, or they would send them somewhere worse, but the women were not quiet and after two or three days they were taken away.

Tursunay continued to refuse the soup. She grew frailer. Late on the fifth day she passed out in the corridor but there was no trip to the clinic this time. The guards only dragged her back to the cell.

She started eating after that. Necessity had overcome shame by then and the bucket fouled the air. She discovered other new things.

The medicine. Injections every 10 days or so and white pills more often. The pills were difficult to get down and soon made you feel so thirsty that all you could think of was water. They fogged your head so that you barely knew where you were and couldn’t hold onto a thought for long. After a while it felt as if something was crawling underneath your skin. Vitamins, the guards said.

*

The brutality. Once a woman took too long in the bathroom and a guard screamed at her to finish. When the woman said her stomach felt bad, the guard went in and beat her with his shock baton while the rest of the trainees waited mute and terrified.

The raw fear. Everyone felt it. Women and girls would be taken away every night and brought back silent or not at all. Tursunay heard that once when the siren sounded a young woman in a cell with bunk beds jumped to the floor in terrified haste and broke her leg. A woman in a cell across the corridor lost her mind completely. She kept pulling her hair and slapping herself in the face until at last the guards came and gave her a sedative. She started doing it again when she woke up, so they took her away too.

The interrogations. When Tursunay’s turn came, they wanted to know about her foreign contacts. They asked whether she knew Uyghurs living in the United States and about something called the World Uyghur Congress that she had never heard of. They asked over and over and demanded the truth, but they didn’t believe the truth when they heard it. They tied her down to the chair and wanted to know why she had been in Kazakhstan and what she had done when she was there and whether she had worn a hijab.

Despite eating again, Tursunay grew sick. They all did. Feverish and weak. She thought it was the vitamins. The vitamins were probably also why most in the cell stopped getting their periods and perhaps why some bled far too much.

This is a lightly edited excerpt of John Beck’s Those Who Should Be Seized Should Be Seized (Melville House, May 2025).

John Beck

John Beck is an award-winning journalist focused on conflict and human rights issues, whose writing has appeared in GQ, Harper’s, Wired, Businessweek, National Geographic, The Atlantic, and The Sunday Times Magazine.

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